Media has an essential role which is informing the public of what is happening around them in their countries and in the world. The public mainly depend on media in knowing all what is happening they mainly rely on television, the newspapers and websites for getting news and all possible updates. It has become an easy process for the public to find any kind of information through pressing the button of their phones or tablets. Though, the power of media has for sure exceeded any other power in influencing the public. We will discuss the positive influence of media and how it could affect public in accepting anything from their governments and gaining their support in political matters.

Governments also use media when they want the public to accept certain changes such as raising the prices. As media focuses on showing the public that the government is forced to do so because it has severe economic problems which could never be solved unless prices are changed (Cockerill, 2002). These messages are for preparing people to accept any raise in prices knowing that the government has no other option. And people would accept without any trouble and the government would avoid any conflicts with the public.

Media is good at impressing the public and tempting them to change their opinion towards certain topics especially political issues. This greatly happens when a country is going to enter a war with another country (Mehraj, Bhat, & Mehraj, 2014). As the government uses the media in showing the public how it is necessary for the country to entre such war or else there would be great threats on their country. In this case the public get the idea of supporting their country or else they would be at risk of losing their country.

The public could think that they are informed by accurate details of the political situation or financial state of their countries. In fact, they have been provided with the information which their governments they want them to receive. In addition, they are influenced to believe certain ideas so that their governments would only gain their support (Happer, & Philoa, 2003). But actually there is no need for all such things as wars could be avoided through diplomatic discussions and economic problems could be solved by cutting down the huge governmental expenses.

The influence of media could be positive in changing how people thinks and this was clear in many situations. As a matter of fact, governments used media as a tool to fulfill the goals which they had planned such as going through wars or raising up prices. However, governments could have never influenced the public without using media to reach them and motivate them towards what they want from them.

                                                                                                      Aya Gaafar 186704

Media is general helping and harming the public within the same ratio which is 50/50. Especially, after the wide spread of the usage of the internet so people could easily check the accuracy of any information. Actually, it is very hard to hide any kind of information because people always search for the truth and to show that the news released from governments are not true. However, media has a remarkable impression on how the public view certain matters this would be discussed by showing the negative influence of media on the public through manipulation and providing them with incorrect information.

Media is greatly used in manipulating the pubic and deceiving them through words which they do not mean at all. Like the propaganda which is created by media to but it is not objective as all it wants is to influence people to encourage certain perception (Jasperson, Shah, Watts, Faber, & Fan, 2017). It mainly depends on influencing the public emotionally towards the agendas of their governments. Media actually uses propaganda for spreading information for certain purposes which be only in the benefit of the government not the public.

Media is used in an unethical method in which it delivers incorrect information which deceives people. Unfortunately, not all who work in media have the courage to check the information which is given to them by the government (Baum, & Potter, 2008). So, people receive many wrong information which misleads them to adopt certain ideas or to change their minds concerning political issues. As a result of having no fact-checked before delivered to people so most of the information is incorrect.

As a matter of fact, not all information what the public receive are incorrect as some information are very accurate. In addition, people could easily search for accurate information through using different searching engines which are honest and could be trusted in delivering message (Baruah, 2012). So, people could make sure of any information easily through their smartphones or pc at any time. Actually, governments try hard to hide information but, thanks to social media which uncovers all the hidden information.

Media has both negative and positive influences on people and both are within equal degrees. As a matter of fact, the negative influences of media are more harmful as it manipulates people and

misleads them making. In addition, media sometimes provide the public with fake information and they build up on such fake information which they regret later when the truth appears. This for sure creates certain doubts between the public and the media.                                                                                    Haneen Maged 185436

Social networks have played an increasingly important role in society since it was introduced in the late 1900s. Knowledge is power and the powers available for social networks are endless, from the ability to persuade the public to host economic marketing techniques through social networks websites, the advantages seem endless. Thanks to social networks, anyone online can add an unlimited flow of information to their knowledge base. Social networks are a new forum that brings people together to exchange ideas, connect, and mobilize for a cause, ask for advice and offer advice.

Internet can help students create and manage a study community, make the best use of study time, and find new resources to help them learn and retain knowledge. Homework and research materials can easily be shared among students using these sites. Social networks have made distance learning courses very easy to follow. Online distance education systems have helped a large number of people over the past decade. Knowledge improvement is a definite merit of social networks.

Some people say that a bad attitude during working hours can cause problems in the workplace. Social networks have a detrimental effect on labor productivity, as it is an important distraction that prevents employees from being as efficient as possible in the workplace. Most people who access social networks use it daily and at random times of the day. This has a general negative effect on a company that can lead to a sharp decline in company profits. Moreover, political campaigns are now influenced by any story, true or not, that spreads on social networks. It is increasingly difficult to separate true and false online news. Social networks make this distinction particularly confusing. The constant flow of memes, bonds and voices on political leaders and candidates is a mixture of truth, lies, satire and speculation.

Others say that since there is an exponential user growth in social media, companies use this platform for product marketing through advertising, where they promote brands, discuss features, and create awareness. Social networks have helped boost business. Where television and radio advertising has cost thousands of dollars, Internet advertising can be practically free. One can post on Facebook and reach a hundred, sometimes a million people at the same time. Marketing companies can easily evaluate the likes and dislikes of the general public. One of the positive effects of social networks on politics is the ability of voters to interact more easily with candidates and elected officials. Traditionally, if you wanted to meet a politician or a candidate, you had to attend a live event. Not everyone can do it. With modern technology, it is now possible to participate in virtual events where you can participate in live events and interact with politicians and candidates.

Authors of articles on social networks, bloggers and content creators are free to express their art forms in an environment without restrictions. Help people develop better perspectives and criticisms on current problems. Ideologies can now be shared freely.

To conclude, the Internet has greatly facilitated primary-level research. Instead of launching old books, we can also write some words on the net and get all the relevant information in seconds. This helped build the conceptual framework for researchers and students and encouraged knowledge sharing. Employment has increased in several ways. Now you can work from the luxury of your home on the Internet. The Internet has made many activities easier, cheaper and faster. Data storage and retrieval does not require hours and long stacks of laptops. There are now online voting proposals, which could lead to more people participating in the elections. This could make social networks even more influential, as people could literally vote for a few moments after reading the latest comments or links they found on social networks                                                                                                     Mai Naguib 162777

Media is sort of communication which used as a tool to store and deliver data in many fields. The term media refers to mass media communication which takes many shapes such as television radio, advertising, broadcasting, videography and photography. In the last few years, people started to use media in expressing politics and increasing the awareness and enlighten them, but a great number of people started to create fake content and posting what media owners want people to rea and believe, no matter what the truth is. By the time, this actions design a history for the politics in people’s mind which is way different from the truth.

Many people believe that media is a great way to know more about politics and political parties. What takes place in the most of the time is that a great number of medians discover how toxic media is. For instance, 72% of medians from 11_country that the facilities which are available on media give the chance for the rumors and any fake news to spread and reach more people as seconds pass. Actually, this actions cycle gives media owners many chances to brain storming people’s minds and hiding the truth as well.

In addition, fake political news is promoted through social media which is misleading and brain toxic. This news spread and appear to users a s a form of advertising (Gu and Yarochkin, 2017).  There are a great number of fake news which is shaped in many shapes. For instance, Legitimate Press which depends on posting fake stories. In addition, social media which includes fake posts, tweets and photos which are not reliable. Furthermore, parody as fact that means fake stories or events or discussion which introduce as facts. Not only is incorrect text noticed through posting typing incorrect comments or posts, but also creating a celebrity which means hacking a celebrity account or creating fake accounts with political parties’ names to post fake news and collect a great number of followers. (E.Pariser,2011).

Some people claim that media offers the chance for people to know all the political events on time through posting videos, photos and releasing announcements from political parties. Lots of people stated that Obama campaigns succeed in the most of times cause of the great campaigns it held on social media to energize and mobilize supporters or to be more clear … the young adult voters (Sullivan, 2008). What only could be stated about what mentioned above is that in the most of the time media use fake videos and photos to persuade people of something which did not exist real life. For instance, if media wants to motivate people to go for a demonstration, it can share an old video from the archives or something take place since a very long time which shows a great number of people in the street asking for their right and yell.

To conclude, Media is a double edged sword, which means that it cannot be treated as a reliable source of information or data. As it is controlled by media owners who aim for gaining money through persuading medians with content and make them believe in it, no matter what the content is. By the time the way people think generally change, and they just start to follow what media says because they trust it. The long term negative effect for all what mentioned before is that corruption and rumors will have the chance to spread in a short time, to reach more people. Moreover, people will miss the ability of differentiating between the truth and the lies, and this will cause injustice. (Bennett & Rademacher, 1997; Crotty & Jacobson, 1980; Delli Carpini, 2000). Media is not secured enough and it is so available and reachable for anyone to post and share rumors easily through many ways which were mentioned above.

                                                                                                Hagar Edrees 191715

This essay will address why media has a negative effect on politics and public opinion, though many people would suggest that global media and social media has opened up people’s minds to news ideologies and other cultures as it brought the world closer, it still has some negatives. As it may contribute to the wrong understanding of some political ideas, or get the people to form an opinion that the ‘upper hand’ wants them to form through agenda-setting (framing), as “the news media have a major influence on the focus of public attention” (McCombs, 1972), or spreading false news or misleading information about a certain political ideology to serve a certain goal.

According to Ordway (2017), fabricated news is not likely to disappear, since many journalists use it to make money, or to affect the public opinion according to their preferences. She added that even the satire news shows for instance, ‘Saturday Night Live’, is also considered fake news, yet it does not aim to serve an idea or someone. As for agenda-setting, Orr (2016) stated that what the public think of is usually set by the media, as media coverage directs and shapes how people think about something, the theory claims that the news play a big role in shaping political ideas at people’s minds. This makes the media shape the reality rather than reflecting it.

Many people believe that the media has a positive influence on public opinion, as Bhat (2019) claimed that the polls that people interact with on social media, makes it better for people to share their opinions, as the poll results affect the elections massively. Since people get to see other’s opinions and try to form their own ones to see what the best political ideology to rule the country is, or who the best political leader in the elections is for instance.

He added that it gets the political leaders closer to the people, in the past, people had to meet their official leaders in an event, now after the development of different types of media, it is much easier.

When fake news is spread widely, it becomes an inevitable force that can manipulate a whole country, “it is getting increasingly harder to isolate genuine news from fake news” (Bhat, 2019) as there are a significant number of websites that post fake news on a daily basis to serve the government or an opposing side, which can effect on the results of the elections or an online poll. This was mentioned before as a positive effect of media effect. In addition, the bias that can be seen with some news reporters, according to Wessel (2017) misinterpreting the facts and emphasizing on one side of the story, with cherry picking the sources that feeds the ideas is a manipulative way to shape people’s opinion on a certain ideology.

To conclude, Media has so many positive and negative effects on politics and public opinion, but the negatives are more significant and dangerous, since many politicians and biased news reporters are using it in a manipulative sense to feed off their ideologies’ victories. Agenda-setting and spreading fake news and misleading information easily shapes how people think instead of reflecting the real

image to them. Many people will argue that media has made people shape different opinions through polls and interacting with the leader, but all of this underlies the fact that it can be easily changed if the people are manipulated in the 1st place, which makes their opinions meaningless.

                                                                                         Ahmed El-Khashab 173998

Media has an essential role which is informing the public of what is happening around them in their countries and in the world. The public mainly depend on media in knowing all what is happening they mainly rely on television, the newspapers and websites for getting news and all possible updates. It has become an easy process for the public to find any kind of information through pressing the button of their phones or tablets. Though, the power of media has for sure exceeded any other power in influencing the public. We will discuss the positive influence of media and how it could affect public in accepting anything from their governments and gaining their support in political matters.

Governments also use media when they want the public to accept certain changes such as raising the prices. As media focuses on showing the public that the government is forced to do so because it has severe economic problems which could never be solved unless prices are changed (Cockerill, 2002). These messages are for preparing people to accept any raise in prices knowing that the government has no other option. And people would accept without any trouble and the government would avoid any conflicts with the public.

Media is good at impressing the public and tempting them to change their opinion towards certain topics especially political issues. This greatly happens when a country is going to enter a war with another country (Mehraj, Bhat, & Mehraj, 2014). As the government uses the media in showing the public how it is necessary for the country to entre such war or else there would be great threats on their country. In this case the public get the idea of supporting their country or else they would be at risk of losing their country.

The public could think that they are informed by accurate details of the political situation or financial state of their countries. In fact, they have been provided with the information which their governments they want them to receive. In addition, they are influenced to believe certain ideas so that their governments would only gain their support (Happer, & Philoa, 2003). But actually there is no need for all such things as wars could be avoided through diplomatic discussions and economic problems could be solved by cutting down the huge governmental expenses.

The influence of media could be positive in changing how people thinks and this was clear in many situations. As a matter of fact, governments used media as a tool to fulfill the goals which they had planned such as going through wars or raising up prices. However, governments could have never influenced the public without using media to reach them and motivate them towards what they want from them.

                                                                                                      Aya Gaafar 186704

Media is general helping and harming the public within the same ratio which is 50/50. Especially, after the wide spread of the usage of the internet so people could easily check the accuracy of any information. Actually, it is very hard to hide any kind of information because people always search for the truth and to show that the news released from governments are not true. However, media has a remarkable impression on how the public view certain matters this would be discussed by showing the negative influence of media on the public through manipulation and providing them with incorrect information.

Media is greatly used in manipulating the pubic and deceiving them through words which they do not mean at all. Like the propaganda which is created by media to but it is not objective as all it wants is to influence people to encourage certain perception (Jasperson, Shah, Watts, Faber, & Fan, 2017). It mainly depends on influencing the public emotionally towards the agendas of their governments. Media actually uses propaganda for spreading information for certain purposes which be only in the benefit of the government not the public.

Media is used in an unethical method in which it delivers incorrect information which deceives people. Unfortunately, not all who work in media have the courage to check the information which is given to them by the government (Baum, & Potter, 2008). So, people receive many wrong information which misleads them to adopt certain ideas or to change their minds concerning political issues. As a result of having no fact-checked before delivered to people so most of the information is incorrect.

As a matter of fact, not all information what the public receive are incorrect as some information are very accurate. In addition, people could easily search for accurate information through using different searching engines which are honest and could be trusted in delivering message (Baruah, 2012). So, people could make sure of any information easily through their smartphones or pc at any time. Actually, governments try hard to hide information but, thanks to social media which uncovers all the hidden information.

Media has both negative and positive influences on people and both are within equal degrees. As a matter of fact, the negative influences of media are more harmful as it manipulates people and

misleads them making. In addition, media sometimes provide the public with fake information and they build up on such fake information which they regret later when the truth appears. This for sure creates certain doubts between the public and the media.                                                                                    Haneen Maged 185436

Social networks have played an increasingly important role in society since it was introduced in the late 1900s. Knowledge is power and the powers available for social networks are endless, from the ability to persuade the public to host economic marketing techniques through social networks websites, the advantages seem endless. Thanks to social networks, anyone online can add an unlimited flow of information to their knowledge base. Social networks are a new forum that brings people together to exchange ideas, connect, and mobilize for a cause, ask for advice and offer advice.

Internet can help students create and manage a study community, make the best use of study time, and find new resources to help them learn and retain knowledge. Homework and research materials can easily be shared among students using these sites. Social networks have made distance learning courses very easy to follow. Online distance education systems have helped a large number of people over the past decade. Knowledge improvement is a definite merit of social networks.

Some people say that a bad attitude during working hours can cause problems in the workplace. Social networks have a detrimental effect on labor productivity, as it is an important distraction that prevents employees from being as efficient as possible in the workplace. Most people who access social networks use it daily and at random times of the day. This has a general negative effect on a company that can lead to a sharp decline in company profits. Moreover, political campaigns are now influenced by any story, true or not, that spreads on social networks. It is increasingly difficult to separate true and false online news. Social networks make this distinction particularly confusing. The constant flow of memes, bonds and voices on political leaders and candidates is a mixture of truth, lies, satire and speculation.

Others say that since there is an exponential user growth in social media, companies use this platform for product marketing through advertising, where they promote brands, discuss features, and create awareness. Social networks have helped boost business. Where television and radio advertising has cost thousands of dollars, Internet advertising can be practically free. One can post on Facebook and reach a hundred, sometimes a million people at the same time. Marketing companies can easily evaluate the likes and dislikes of the general public. One of the positive effects of social networks on politics is the ability of voters to interact more easily with candidates and elected officials. Traditionally, if you wanted to meet a politician or a candidate, you had to attend a live event. Not everyone can do it. With modern technology, it is now possible to participate in virtual events where you can participate in live events and interact with politicians and candidates.

Authors of articles on social networks, bloggers and content creators are free to express their art forms in an environment without restrictions. Help people develop better perspectives and criticisms on current problems. Ideologies can now be shared freely.

To conclude, the Internet has greatly facilitated primary-level research. Instead of launching old books, we can also write some words on the net and get all the relevant information in seconds. This helped build the conceptual framework for researchers and students and encouraged knowledge sharing. Employment has increased in several ways. Now you can work from the luxury of your home on the Internet. The Internet has made many activities easier, cheaper and faster. Data storage and retrieval does not require hours and long stacks of laptops. There are now online voting proposals, which could lead to more people participating in the elections. This could make social networks even more influential, as people could literally vote for a few moments after reading the latest comments or links they found on social networks                                                                                                     Mai Naguib 162777

Media is sort of communication which used as a tool to store and deliver data in many fields. The term media refers to mass media communication which takes many shapes such as television radio, advertising, broadcasting, videography and photography. In the last few years, people started to use media in expressing politics and increasing the awareness and enlighten them, but a great number of people started to create fake content and posting what media owners want people to rea and believe, no matter what the truth is. By the time, this actions design a history for the politics in people’s mind which is way different from the truth.

Many people believe that media is a great way to know more about politics and political parties. What takes place in the most of the time is that a great number of medians discover how toxic media is. For instance, 72% of medians from 11_country that the facilities which are available on media give the chance for the rumors and any fake news to spread and reach more people as seconds pass. Actually, this actions cycle gives media owners many chances to brain storming people’s minds and hiding the truth as well.

In addition, fake political news is promoted through social media which is misleading and brain toxic. This news spread and appear to users a s a form of advertising (Gu and Yarochkin, 2017).  There are a great number of fake news which is shaped in many shapes. For instance, Legitimate Press which depends on posting fake stories. In addition, social media which includes fake posts, tweets and photos which are not reliable. Furthermore, parody as fact that means fake stories or events or discussion which introduce as facts. Not only is incorrect text noticed through posting typing incorrect comments or posts, but also creating a celebrity which means hacking a celebrity account or creating fake accounts with political parties’ names to post fake news and collect a great number of followers. (E.Pariser,2011).

Some people claim that media offers the chance for people to know all the political events on time through posting videos, photos and releasing announcements from political parties. Lots of people stated that Obama campaigns succeed in the most of times cause of the great campaigns it held on social media to energize and mobilize supporters or to be more clear … the young adult voters (Sullivan, 2008). What only could be stated about what mentioned above is that in the most of the time media use fake videos and photos to persuade people of something which did not exist real life. For instance, if media wants to motivate people to go for a demonstration, it can share an old video from the archives or something take place since a very long time which shows a great number of people in the street asking for their right and yell.

To conclude, Media is a double edged sword, which means that it cannot be treated as a reliable source of information or data. As it is controlled by media owners who aim for gaining money through persuading medians with content and make them believe in it, no matter what the content is. By the time the way people think generally change, and they just start to follow what media says because they trust it. The long term negative effect for all what mentioned before is that corruption and rumors will have the chance to spread in a short time, to reach more people. Moreover, people will miss the ability of differentiating between the truth and the lies, and this will cause injustice. (Bennett & Rademacher, 1997; Crotty & Jacobson, 1980; Delli Carpini, 2000). Media is not secured enough and it is so available and reachable for anyone to post and share rumors easily through many ways which were mentioned above.

                                                                                                Hagar Edrees 191715

This essay will address why media has a negative effect on politics and public opinion, though many people would suggest that global media and social media has opened up people’s minds to news ideologies and other cultures as it brought the world closer, it still has some negatives. As it may contribute to the wrong understanding of some political ideas, or get the people to form an opinion that the ‘upper hand’ wants them to form through agenda-setting (framing), as “the news media have a major influence on the focus of public attention” (McCombs, 1972), or spreading false news or misleading information about a certain political ideology to serve a certain goal.

According to Ordway (2017), fabricated news is not likely to disappear, since many journalists use it to make money, or to affect the public opinion according to their preferences. She added that even the satire news shows for instance, ‘Saturday Night Live’, is also considered fake news, yet it does not aim to serve an idea or someone. As for agenda-setting, Orr (2016) stated that what the public think of is usually set by the media, as media coverage directs and shapes how people think about something, the theory claims that the news play a big role in shaping political ideas at people’s minds. This makes the media shape the reality rather than reflecting it.

Many people believe that the media has a positive influence on public opinion, as Bhat (2019) claimed that the polls that people interact with on social media, makes it better for people to share their opinions, as the poll results affect the elections massively. Since people get to see other’s opinions and try to form their own ones to see what the best political ideology to rule the country is, or who the best political leader in the elections is for instance.

He added that it gets the political leaders closer to the people, in the past, people had to meet their official leaders in an event, now after the development of different types of media, it is much easier.

When fake news is spread widely, it becomes an inevitable force that can manipulate a whole country, “it is getting increasingly harder to isolate genuine news from fake news” (Bhat, 2019) as there are a significant number of websites that post fake news on a daily basis to serve the government or an opposing side, which can effect on the results of the elections or an online poll. This was mentioned before as a positive effect of media effect. In addition, the bias that can be seen with some news reporters, according to Wessel (2017) misinterpreting the facts and emphasizing on one side of the story, with cherry picking the sources that feeds the ideas is a manipulative way to shape people’s opinion on a certain ideology.

To conclude, Media has so many positive and negative effects on politics and public opinion, but the negatives are more significant and dangerous, since many politicians and biased news reporters are using it in a manipulative sense to feed off their ideologies’ victories. Agenda-setting and spreading fake news and misleading information easily shapes how people think instead of reflecting the real

image to them. Many people will argue that media has made people shape different opinions through polls and interacting with the leader, but all of this underlies the fact that it can be easily changed if the people are manipulated in the 1st place, which makes their opinions meaningless.

                                                                                         Ahmed El-Khashab 173998

This is an example post, originally published as part of Blogging University. Enroll in one of our ten programs, and start your blog right.

You’re going to publish a post today. Don’t worry about how your blog looks. Don’t worry if you haven’t given it a name yet, or you’re feeling overwhelmed. Just click the “New Post” button, and tell us why you’re here.

Why do this?

• Because it gives new readers context. What are you about? Why should they read your blog?
• Because it will help you focus you own ideas about your blog and what you’d like to do with it.

The post can be short or long, a personal intro to your life or a bloggy mission statement, a manifesto for the future or a simple outline of your the types of things you hope to publish.

To help you get started, here are a few questions:

• Why are you blogging publicly, rather than keeping a personal journal?
• What topics do you think you’ll write about?
• Who would you love to connect with via your blog?
• If you blog successfully throughout the next year, what would you hope to have accomplished?

You’re not locked into any of this; one of the wonderful things about blogs is how they constantly evolve as we learn, grow, and interact with one another — but it’s good to know where and why you started, and articulating your goals may just give you a few other post ideas.

Can’t think how to get started? Just write the first thing that pops into your head. Anne Lamott, author of a book on writing we love, says that you need to give yourself permission to write a “crappy first draft”. Anne makes a great point — just start writing, and worry about editing it later.

When you’re ready to publish, give your post three to five tags that describe your blog’s focus — writing, photography, fiction, parenting, food, cars, movies, sports, whatever. These tags will help others who care about your topics find you in the Reader. Make sure one of the tags is “zerotohero,” so other new bloggers can find you, too.